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How to write a bibliography
A
bibliography is an alphabetical list of all sources used and consulted
for an essay, research paper, or report. You must list your sources
in a specific format. Use this guide to create your bibliography.
- Always underline or italicize the
title of the work cited.
- Alphabetize by author's last name
or title if there is no author.
- Always indent the second or third
line a ½ inch or 5 spaces.
- Use
a standard font such as Times, Geneva
, or Helvetica in size 10 to
14.
- Double space between entries; single
space each entry.
- A bibliography is the last page
of a report; title page "Bibliography."
BOOKS
One
Author:
Last
name, first name and initial or middle name. Title . Place:
Publisher, date of publication.
Example:
Deedy,
Carmen Agra. The Library Dragon . Atlanta
: Peachtree Publishers, Ltd,
1994.
Two
Authors :
Last
name, First name and initial or middle name, and First name Last
Name. Title . Place: Publisher, date.
Example:
Ryan,
Pam Munoz, and Jerry Pallotta. The Crayon Counting Book .
Watertown ,
MA :
Charlesbridge Publishing, 1996.
Three
authors:
Last
name, first name, First name Last name, and First name Last name.
Title . Place: Publisher, date.
Example:
Jones,
V.S., M.E. Eakle, and C.W. Foerster . A History of Newspapers
. Cambridge ,
Eng. :
Cambridge
UP, 1987.
More
than three authors:
Last
name, first name, et al. Title. Place: Publisher, date.
Example:
Shields,
J., et al. The History of English Alley . Hartford
: Merganser Press, 1997.
MAGAZINES
AND NEWSPAPERS
Last
name, first name. "Article title." Title of magazine (Issue
date): pages.
Example:
King,
Peter. "The Clutch." Sports Illustrated ( 31
January 2000 ): 42-45.
ENCYCLOPEDIAS
When
you know the author (the article is signed):
Last
name, first name. "Article Title." Title of Encyclopedia
(edition), volume number, page numbers.
Example:
Feinberg,
Joe. "Cats." The World Book Encyclopedia (1999),
3, 101-123.
When
you don't know the author's name (the article is unsigned):
"Article
Title." Title of Encyclopedia, (edition), volume number, page
numbers.
"Money."
Compton 's
Precyclopedia (1977 ed.),
X, 80-91.
SOFTWARE
(CD OR COMPUTER PROGRAM)
"Title
of artice." Title of source. Type of source. Publisher: year of
publication (add "ed." for edition).
Example:
"Jungles."
Grolier's Electronic Encyclopedia , CD-ROM. Groliers, Inc.
1993 ed.
TELEVISION
PROGRAM
Title
of program, broadcasting station, program series, date, time.
Example:
Findland's
fight against fat, KING
5 Television, KING 5 News Healthlink, Feb.
4, 2004 , 12:50
PM PST .
VIDEO
Title
of video. Dir. Director's First and Last Name (or screenwriter and/or
producer). Videocassette/DVD. Producing Company or distributor,
date.
Example:
Bioterror
. Dir. Kirk Wolfinger. Prod.
and Writer, Matthew Collins. Videocassette. WGBH Eduction Foundation,
2002.
EMAIL
:
Sender
of email message <sender's email address>. Subject line of
the message. Date of message (day, month, year). Email recipient
<recipient's email address>.
Example:
Meredith,
Paige <pmeredith@classroom.com>. "RE: Museums in Paris
." 17
August 2001 . Christine Borror
<chrissyborror@yahoo.com>.
WORLD
WIDE WEB :
Author
or originator. Title of item. [Online] Date of document or download
(day, month, year). URL <http://address/filename>.
Example:
U.S.
Census Bureau. "American
FactFinder: Facts About My Community." [Online] 17
August 2001 . http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/BasicFactsServlet
.
ONLINE
IMAGES
Author
or originator. Description or title of image. [Online image] Date
of document or download (day, month, year). URL <http://address/filename>.
Example:
USGS.
"Map: Major Volcanoes in Ecuador
." [Online image] 17
August 2001 . <http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Ecuador/Maps/map_ecuador_volcanoes.html>.
ONLINE
SOUNDS
Author
or originator. Description or title of sound. [Online sound] Date
of document or download (day, month, year). URL <http://address/filename>.
Example:
Jussi
Bjorling Home Page. "Di quella pira," aria from Il Travatore,
by Guiseppe Verdi. [Online sound] 30
November 1999 . <http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/Strasse/3468/bjorling.htm>.
ONLINE
VIDEO CLIPS
Author
or originator. Description or title of video clip. [Online video
clip] Date of document or download (day, month, year). URL <http://address/filename>.
Example:
Zoological
Society of San Diego .
"Indian Rhino Calf Born at Park," e-zoo videos, San Diego
Zoo. [Online video clip] 17 August
2001 . <http://www.sandiegozoo.com/virtualzoo/videos/index.html>.
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